Keyword Ads 还有效吗?
English summary available ↓
Reviewing marketplace ads for a brand brought me back to a question: do keyword ads still work? Yes, but not the way they used to. Search advertisers once controlled keywords, bids, CPC, CTR and placements, and good media buyers won on those details. Across the industry that is changing: Google has Performance Max, Meta has long leaned on its algorithm, and marketplaces are moving the same way. Instead of telling the platform which keyword to buy, you now give it the product, the budget and the target ROAS, and it works out the rest. Shopee's GMV Max is a clear example: keywords haven't disappeared, but the decision has moved from advertiser to algorithm, and what you control is mostly budget and target ROAS. So what matters moves outside the ads dashboard, to product assortment and SKU choice. The question shifts from which keyword to bid on to which SKU deserves the budget. Give GMV Max one product with good price, reviews, conversion, stock and a clear listing, and another that is weaker on all of them; no algorithm turns a poor seller into a hero SKU. Ads bring traffic but can't fix every commerce problem, so performance marketing is becoming commerce optimisation, linking merchandising, inventory, pricing, content and advertising. Automation doesn't mean you can stop learning ads. When everyone uses the same algorithm, what you give the algorithm becomes the advantage.
Read full English version →最近帮 brand 看 marketplace ads,又回到一个很有意思的问题:现在这个时候,Keyword Ads 还有效吗?
我的答案是,有效。
但它已经不是以前那个年代的玩法了。
以前我们做 digital ads,尤其是 search,很多事情都掌握在自己手上。选 keyword、set bid、看 CPC、看 CTR、调 placement,哪个 keyword 转化好就加钱,哪个烧钱就关掉。
一个厉害的 media buyer,很多时候就是赢在这些细节。但这几年整个 advertising industry 很明显在变,而且不只是 Shopee。Google 有 Performance Max,Meta 很早就开始越来越依赖 algorithm,marketplace 现在也往同一个方向走。
以前是“我告诉平台,我要买哪个 keyword”,现在越来越变成“这是我的 product,这是我的 budget,这是我要的 ROAS,剩下的你自己算”。
Shopee 的 GMV Max 就是一个很明显的例子。Keyword 没有消失,只是 keyword 的决定权,慢慢从 advertiser 手上拿走,交给 algorithm。以前我们可以调 keyword、bid、placement,现在很多时候真正可以控制的东西越来越少,通常就是 budget、target ROAS。

然后呢?我觉得最重要的东西,反而开始跑到广告后台外面去了,就是 product assortment 和 SKU。以前做 performance marketing,大家很喜欢问:“Which keyword should I bid?” 但未来可能更应该问的是:“Which SKU deserves the budget?”
因为你想一下,同样给 GMV Max 两个 product,一个 price 好、review 好、conversion rate 高、stock 足够、listing 清楚,另外一个 price 贵、review 差、conversion 低、图片普通、stock 又不够。Algorithm 再聪明,也不可能把一个本来就不好卖的 product 变成 hero SKU。
广告可以 bring traffic,但广告不能解决所有 commerce problem。所以现在 performance marketing 已经不只是 media optimisation 了,它正在变成 commerce optimisation。
你的 pricing 会影响 ads,你的 review 会影响 ads,你的 stock 会影响 ads,你的 product title 会影响 ads,你的 voucher 会影响 ads,你的 margin 也会影响你到底敢不敢 scale。到最后,merchandising、inventory、pricing、content、advertising,其实全部开始连在一起。
很多人可能会把这个变化理解成:“OK,以后不用学 ads 了,按 GMV Max 就可以。”
我觉得刚好相反。
当平台帮大家都 automate 以后,真正的差距会跑去别的地方。因为当每个人用的都是同一个 algorithm,algorithm 本身就不再是你的 advantage。
What you give the algorithm becomes the advantage.
所以 Keyword Ads 没有死,Search 也没有死。只是做 marketplace 的人可能要开始接受一个现实:以后最重要的能力,未必是你多会调 keyword,而是你能不能选对 product、做对 assortment、准备好 inventory,然后把一个真正值得 scale 的 SKU 交给 algorithm。
最近把这个想法整理成一篇文章,放在 Labu-Labu blog。